 | In 16 patients with severe refractory autoimmune neurologic or muscle diseases, one IV lentiviral treatment generated anti-CD19 CAR T cells in vivo, depleted B cells, and was associated with clinical and biomarker improvements at 6 months. Cytokine-release syndrome occurred in 69% and resolved within 2 weeks; larger controlled trials are needed. |
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 | A self-renewing stem cell population generating tendon and ligament cells was identified in mice and human tissues. In lumbar spinal stenosis, these cells were more abundant and showed increased calcium signaling, promoting ligament overgrowth. Calcium signaling inhibition reduced overgrowth in mice, supporting a potential therapeutic target. |
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 | Cord blood stem cells were engineered with an NY-ESO-1–specific T-cell receptor and differentiated into uniform allogeneic T cells lacking endogenous TCRs, reducing graft-versus-host disease risk. The cells also retained natural killer receptor–mediated tumor recognition. In ovarian cancer and melanoma mouse models, they controlled tumors and prolonged survival without apparent toxicity. |
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 | Early Earth’s magnetic field may have concentrated solar energetic particles into auroral belts, generating localized atmospheric ions and reactive organic precursors. Transport to polar ice or surface environments could have enabled accumulation and further chemistry. The hypothesis predicts spatially localized, particle-specific chemical signatures. |
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 | A 66.5-million-year-old four-print trackway from North Dakota is attributed to an adult Tyrannosaurus rex based on footprint size, morphology, and regional fossil evidence. The 7 m trackway records a ~4 m stride and indicates a walking speed of approximately 5.6–7.2 km/h. |
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 | Frontal-cortex tau accumulation was associated with shorter, less synchronized non-REM slow waves and poorer overnight episodic-memory retention in older adults. Longitudinal increases in tau correlated with worsening slow-wave coordination and memory, but causality remains unresolved. |
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 | Excavation of the ~46,000-year-old Neanderthal sublevel 4D reached 140 m², yielding >1,500 faunal remains and stone tools. Cut marks, percussion damage, and abundant bone retouchers indicate repeated spring-to-autumn occupations involving butchery, marrow extraction, and tool maintenance. |
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 | A 300 TeV photon from GRB 221009A traversed ~2 billion light-years despite expected absorption by cosmic background photons. A model combining photon–axion-like particle conversion with Lorentz-invariance violation could increase cosmic transparency and predicts its ~1-hour delay relative to lower-energy photons, consistent with observations. |
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 | Copper is mobilized into urine during urinary tract infection, where it contributes to innate antimicrobial defense. Bacterial copper-tolerance mechanisms, copper effects on fimbrial attachment, and ceruloplasmin-mediated copper delivery are being examined. Copper-dependent antimicrobials may eventually augment host defenses against resistant UTIs. |
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 | In stressed male mice, 2 Hz nasal airflow reduced anxiety-like behavior, whereas 7 Hz increased it. A circuit from olfactory sensory neurons through the olfactory bulb and perirhinal PV+ interneurons inhibited basolateral amygdala activity. Repeated slow stimulation produced persistent anxiolytic effects. |
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 | After acute stress, relaxing music accelerated reductions in heart rate, sweating, and cortisol and improved mood compared with water sounds. fMRI indicated altered connectivity among auditory, insular, and thalamic regions, associated with physiological recovery. Benefits occurred during post-stress recovery rather than before stress exposure. |
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 | Humans consistently use heel-first foot strikes, whereas chimpanzees show more variable, often midfoot landings. Heel striking reduced human walking energy expenditure by 26–41% but increased impact-loading rates by up to 162%, likely requiring stronger heel, ankle, and knee structures. |
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 | Drylands covered 38.58% of non-Antarctic land during 1994–2023. Accounting for CO2-driven reductions in plant evapotranspiration projects 40.28% dryland cover by 2100 under high emissions, versus 42.11% without this effect. Limited net expansion may still accompany major regional shifts in drying and wetting. |
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 | Collagen I–targeted protein MRI contrast enabled preclinical detection and quantification of lung tumors and metastases as small as 1 mm in lung, adrenal, and kidney tissue. Imaging of collagen remodeling identified features associated with invasive, aggressive lung adenocarcinoma without ionizing radiation; clinical performance remains untested. |
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 | AI-based reconstruction of 116 VLBI observations produced a continuous polarized video of blazar 3C 345, improving resolution and contrast and enabling local jet-flow measurements. Bright knots moved similarly to surrounding plasma and did not correlate with polarization peaks, disfavoring traveling shock-wave interpretations in this source. |
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 | A 66-million-year-old coprolite contained hesperornithiform bird feathers, bones, and fish scales, documenting predation on an aquatic bird. The feathers combined waterproof features with primitive fuzzy plumage, suggesting weaker insulation than in modern birds. Feather insulation and molt traits may have influenced avian survival after the end-Cretaceous impact. |
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 | Horse personality was associated with management and human relationships in a survey of 2,767 horses. Stable ownership, positive unstructured human contact and frequent riding correlated with greater human sociability or attentiveness and lower neuroticism; solitary housing correlated with lower horse sociability. Cross-sectional data cannot establish causality. |
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 | Helium measurements in 48 metal-poor nebulae reduced the uncertainty in primordial helium abundance from about 2% to nearly 0.5%. The inferred abundance is consistent with Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the standard-model number of neutrino species, constraining conditions seconds after the Big Bang. |
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 | Beat perception appears supported by early sensitivity to periodic structure, then refined by movement, auditory experience and culture. Humans show more stable, predictive synchronization than macaques, though cross-species evidence remains limited. Integration of auditory, motor, predictive-timing and reward systems may underlie this capacity. |
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 | GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly tirzepatide, reduce obstructive sleep apnea severity in adults with obesity, lowering apnea–hypopnea events by about 20–24/hour in phase III trials and producing remission in 42–50%. Benefits are largely weight-loss mediated; CPAP remains more effective, and long-term durability, safety, and cost require evaluation. |
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