SCIENCES ENERGIES ENVIRONNEMENT /PROGRAMME DE TRADUCTION

 

ORSAY /  VALEE DE CHEVREUSE   SOUS LA CHALEUR  !!!!

Mes fournisseurs de SCIENCE X m ont adressé aujourd hui leur sélection dont je traduirai quelques papiers dés ce soir  : ''Dear olivier hartmanshenn,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for week 25:

	A cheap fix to global warming is finally gaining support Global support for one of the cheapest and most powerful climate actions is accelerating—and it couldn't come at a more urgent time.
	Researchers reconstruct lifestyle and face of 7th-century Anglo-Saxon teen The face of a 16-year-old woman buried near Cambridge (UK) in the 7th century with an incredibly rare gold and garnet cross (the "Trumpington Cross") has been reconstructed following analysis of her skull. The striking image is going on public display for the first time on 21 June, with new scientific evidence showing that she moved to England from Central Europe as a young girl, leading to an intriguing change in her diet.
	These long-necked reptiles were decapitated by their predators, fossil evidence confirms In the age of dinosaurs, many marine reptiles had extremely long necks compared to reptiles today. While it was clearly a successful evolutionary strategy, paleontologists have long suspected that their long-necked bodies made them vulnerable to predators. Now, after almost 200 years of continued research, direct fossil evidence confirms this scenario for the first time in the most graphic way imaginable.
	Lasers enable internet backbone via satellite, may soon eliminate need for deep-sea cables Optical data communications lasers can transmit several tens of terabits per second, despite a huge amount of disruptive air turbulence. ETH Zurich scientists and their European partners demonstrated this capacity with lasers between the mountain peak, Jungfraujoch, and the city of Bern in Switzerland. This will soon eliminate the necessity of expensive deep-sea cables.
	Researcher discovers new type of atomic nucleus An experiment performed in the Accelerator Laboratory of University of Jyväskylä, Finland, has succeeded in producing a previously unknown atomic nucleus, 190-Astatine, consisting of 85 protons and 105 neutrons. The nucleus is the lightest isotope of astatine discovered to date.
	Microsoft claims to have achieved first milestone in creating a reliable and practical quantum computer A team of researchers at Microsoft Quantum has reportedly achieved a first milestone toward creating a reliable and practical quantum computer. In their paper, published in the journal Physical Review B, the group describes the milestone and their plans to build a reliable quantum computer over the next 25 years.
	Dutch unveil 4,000-year-old 'Stonehenge'-like discovery Dutch archaeologists on Wednesday revealed an around 4,000-year-old religious site—dubbed the "Stonehenge of the Netherlands" in the country's media—which included a burial mound serving as a solar calendar.
	New study predicts the masses of the largest supermassive black holes in the universe Near the center of the Milky Way Galaxy sits an immense object that astronomers call Sagittarius A*. This "supermassive" black hole may have grown in tandem with our galaxy, and it's not alone. Scientists suspect that similar behemoths lurk at the heart of almost all large galaxies in the cosmos.
	Neanderthal cave engravings identified as oldest known, more than 57,000 years old Markings on a cave wall in France are the oldest known engravings made by Neanderthals, according to a study published June 21, 2023, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Jean-Claude Marquet of the University of Tours, France and colleagues.
	Evidence of the amino acid tryptophan found in space Using data from the Spitzer space observatory, Dr. Susana Iglesias-Groth, a researcher from The Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), has found evidence for the existence of the amino acid tryptophan in the interstellar material in a nearby star-forming region. The research is published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
	Physicists develop a novel quantum theory of light-induced matter A team led by a physicist from City University of Hong Kong (CityU) recently developed a new quantum theory that explains the "light-induced phase" of matter and predicts its novel functionalities. The new theory has the potential to revolutionize the field of quantum photonics and quantum control at room temperature. It also opens the door to a variety of next-generation light-based applications, such as optical communications, quantum computing and light-harvesting technologies.
	Physicists discover a new switch for superconductivity Under certain conditions—usually exceedingly cold ones—some materials shift their structure to unlock new, superconducting behavior. This structural shift is known as a "nematic transition," and physicists suspect that it offers a new way to drive materials into a superconducting state where electrons can flow entirely friction-free.
	A new approach to controlling the properties of turbulence Turbulence, a fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in flow velocity and pressure, has been the topic of countless physics studies. Although turbulence is a very common phenomenon that occurs in nature, manipulating it and controlling its properties had so far proved incredibly challenging.
	Metallic bond between two beryllium atoms made for the first time A quartet of chemists at the University of Oxford has, for the first time, found a way to get two beryllium atoms to bond with one another. In their paper published in the journal Science, Josef Boronski, Agamemnon Crumpton, Lewis Wales and Simon Aldridge, describe their process and how they managed to do it in a safe way—and at room temperature. Jason Dutton with La Trobe University, has published a Perspective piece in the same journal issue, outlining the work done by the team in England.
	Like dogs, wolves recognize familiar human voices Here, wolfie, wolfie, wolfie! Like dogs, wolves recognize and respond to the voices of familiar humans more than strangers, according to a study that has implications both for the story of canine domestication and our broader understanding of the natural world.
	Study reveals the existence of the swallowtail catastrophe in non-Hermitian systems Researchers from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan University and Southern University of Science and Technology recently unveiled a possible connection between catastrophe theory, an area of mathematics that focuses on modeling sudden changes (i.e., catastrophes) and non-Hermitian physics. Their paper, published in Nature Physics, specifically shows that a structurally rich degeneracy, known as the swallowtail catastrophe, can naturally exist in non-Hermitian systems.
	Snake genome reveals burrowing past and re-adaptation to surface life Chromosome-level assembly of 14 snakes in a study led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has created a high-resolution genomic reference for the study of snake evolution. In a paper, "Large-scale snake genome analyses provide insights into vertebrate development," published in Cell, the research team details a wide array of discoveries already made by their sequencing data.
	New device opens door to storing quantum information as sound waves Quantum computing, just like traditional computing, needs a way to store the information it uses and processes. On the computer you're using right now, information, whether it be photos of your dog, a reminder about a friend's birthday, or the words you're typing into browser's address bar, must be stored somewhere. Quantum computing, being a new field, is still working out where and how to store quantum information.
	Directly imaging quantum states in two-dimensional materials When some semiconductors absorb light, excitons (or particle pairs made of an electron bound to an electron hole) can form. Two-dimensional crystals of tungsten disulfide (WS2) have unique exciton states that are not found in other materials. However, these states are short lived and can change from one to another very quickly.
	Perovskite solar cells set new world record for power conversion efficiency Perovskite solar cells designed by a team of scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have attained a world record efficiency of 24.35% with an active area of 1 cm2. This achievement paves the way for cheaper, more efficient and durable solar cells.